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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク List of members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ： ウィキペディア英語版 List of members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Membership of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ((中国語:中国科学院院士)) is a lifelong honour given to scientists who have made significant achievements in various fields. According to ''Bylaws for Members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences'' adopted in 1992 and recently andamended in 2014, it is the highest academic title in China. New members are elected biennially. Before 2014 the total number of new members inducted each time were limited to 60, but the new bylaws removed this item. The candidates are nominated by CAS members or academic groups, and self nomination is not allowed. Available candidates are approved by presidiums of academic divisions. The election is held in the form of differential secret ballots, about 20% of the candidates are elected. A formal CAS member must hold Chinese citizenship, although foreigners can be elected as foreign members of CAS. Members older than 80 are given the title "senior member".〔 It is a CAS member's obligation to advance in science and technology, to advocate and uphold scientific spirit, to develop a scientific and technological workforce, to attend member meetings and receive consultation & evaluation tasks, and to promote international exchanges and cooperation. Members can give suggestions and influence the state policy related to science and technology in China. Senior members can not hold the leading posts. The senior members and the foreign members have no right to nominate new candidates. The CAS membership system has been criticized as highly bureaucratic. According to the ''China Youth Daily'', the work treatment of a CAS member is equivalent to that of a vice-ministerial level official. And CAS members can receive numerous subsidies from the local governments, aside from statutory subsidies. Their opinions carry more weight, and sometimes lead to academic monopolization. As of September 2014, there are 738 living CAS members, including 141 from Division of Mathematics and Physics, 126 from Division of Chemistry, 136 from Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, 122 from Division of Earth Sciences, 86 from Division of Information Technical Sciences, 131 from Division of Technological Sciences. 507 former members have deceased. 94% of the members are male, and 6% are female. ==List of CAS members== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.